Although access to stores and Western food has caused the Inuit diet to shift toward westernized eating, their own historical diet is fascinating. Get information, facts, and pictures about Inuit at Encyclopedia.com. Make research projects and school reports about Inuit easy with credible articles from our FREE. History, Modern era, Acculturation and Assimilation. Countries and Their Cultures. Ha- La. by J. Sydney Jones. Once known as Eskimos, the Inuit inhabit the Arctic region, one of the. Inuit consume a diet of foods that are fished, hunted, and gathered locally. According to Edmund Searles in his article "Food and the Making of Modern Inuit. Researcher Bethan Evans discusses the Inuit’s relationship with their Greenlandic dogs. Researcher Bethan Evans discusses the Inuit’s. Scientists are interested in the diet and the level of physical activity of indigenous peoples such as the Inuit and the Maasai because these populations have. Hunters and Gatherers: There are almost no trees in the Arctic. It is cold most of the year. The Inuit could not become farmers. Inuit - Introduction, Location, Language, Folklore, Religion, Major holidays, Rites of passage Brazil to Congo, Republic of. Inuit Eskimo Diet\Occupying lands that stretch 1. Siberia, along the Alaskan coast, across Canada, and. Greenland, the Inuit are one of the most widely dispersed people in. Between 2. 5,0. 00 and. Alaska, with other smaller groups in Canada, Greenland. Siberia. The name. Abnaki Indians and means. It is estimated that the Inuit arrived. North American continent, thus coming much. The major language family for Arctic. Eskaleut. While Aleut is considered a separate language, Eskimo. Inuit and Yup'ik. Yup'ik includes several. Inuit is a separate tongue with several local dialects. Inupiaq (Alaska), Inuktitut (Eastern Canada), and Kalaallisut. Greenland). Throughout their long history and vast migrations, the Inuit. Indian cultures. Their use and. As the first two tribes are dealt with separately, this essay will. Inupiat, and formerly known as. Bering Strait or Kotzebue Sound Eskimos, and even sometimes West Alaskan. North Alaskan Eskimos. Residing in some three dozen villages and. Kotzebue, Point Hope, Wainwright, Barrow, and. Prudhoe Bay—between the Bering Strait and the Mc. Kenzie Delta to the. Arctic Circle, this. Some. classify the Inuit into two main groups, the inland people or Nuunamiut. Tagiugmiut. Burch, Jr., however, in. The Inupiaq Eskimo Nations of Northwestern Alaska. Inupiat, who settled around. Kotzebue Sound and the Chukchi Sea, into 1. Over 4. 0 percent. Alaskan Inuit now reside in urban areas, with Anchorage having the. Nome on the south of the Seward Peninsula also. Inupiat as well as Yup'ik. Within Inupiat. territory, the main population centers are Barrow and Kotzebue. Anthropologists have discerned several. Bering Sea. The. Denbigh. Small Tool culture, began some 5. Arctic Alaska. and Canada. Oriented to the sea and to living with snow, the Denbigh most. Characterized by the use of flint. Denbigh was. transformed further east into the. Dorset Tradition. B. C. Point Hope, still a small Inuit village. Kukpuk River, appears to have been continuously. Inuit settlement. Benches against the walls were used for sleeping, while. Seals, walruses, and caribou provided the. Though the tools of whale hunting, including. Siberian. art—were found. The. continuous development of these peoples is demonstrated by the. Inuit cultures. Called by some the. Old Bering Sea Cultures. Living near. the coast, they hunted sea and land mammals, lived in tiny. They. spread westward through Canada and ultimately on to Greenland. However, it. appears that some of the Thule backtracked, returning to set up permanent. Alaska and Siberia. Anywhere from a dozen to fifty. The year was divided into three. The hunting seasons were. The yearly cycle began with the spring seal. A caribou hunt was also mounted in the fall. In the far north. It was a relentless cycle, broken. One reason for such organization is the whaling. Alaska natives. These people settled north. Brooks Range and along the coast from Kotzebue in the southwest, up. Point Hope and north and east to Barrow, the mouth of the Colville. River, and on to the present- day Canadian border at Demarcation Point. Strong. leaders were needed for whaling expeditions; thus, older men with. This. changed with their first contact with Europeans. The Vikings under Eric. Red encountered Inuit in Greenland in 9. Almost six hundred years. British explorer Martin Frobisher made contact with the Central. Inuit of northern Canada. In 1. 74. 1, the Russian explorer, Vitus Bering, met. Inuit of Alaska. It is estimated that there were about 4. Inuit. living in Alaska at the time, with half of them living in the north, both. The Inuit, Aleut, and Native. Americans living below the Arctic Circle were the most heavily affected by. Russian fur traders. However, northern. Inuit were not greatly affected until the second round of European. This was the result of both the spread of disease by whites as. The first white explorers to reach Arctic Alaska. Englishmen Sir John Franklin and Captain F. Both. noted the extensive trade carried on between Inuit and Indian groups. All of. this changed, however, with the arrival of European whalers by the. Formerly hunters of Pacific sperm whale, these. Arctic regions following the bowhead whale. Beaufort Sea for summer feeding. Unlike the Inuit, who. New England and California were interested primarily in. This material was used for the manufacture of both. One bowhead could yield. The advent of steam- powered vessels further increased the. Soon, whaling ships from the south were a. Arctic waters. Their immediate effect was the. With. the whalers to pick up and deliver goods, Inuit traders were no longer. A second effect, due to contact between the whalers and the Inuit. This. in conjunction with an obvious consequence of the whaling industry, the. Inuit. Village life. Small settlements. Point Hope lost 1. In. 1. 90. 0, 2. 00 Inuit died in Point Barrow from a flu epidemic brought by a. Their independence had not protected them from the declining. As a result, these people. However, the motivations. U. S. Schools were. Barrow and Point Hope in the 1. The government also. Bureau of. Education, the office given responsibility for the Inuit at the time. Siberia. They planned to turn the Inuit. However, after. an early peak in the reindeer population in 1. Game was no. longer plentiful, and the Inuit themselves changed, seeking more than a. For a time, beginning in the 1. Yet, trapping led to an. Fox fur. trading lasted only a decade, and by the 1. U. S. Christian missions were also establishing school in the region. Since the end. of World War II, with the discovery of North Slope oil in 1. Inuit. Other wage- economies developed in. The Cold War brought jobs to the far north, and native art. In the. 1. 95. 0s, the construction of a chain of radar sites such as the Distant. Early Warning system (DEW) employed Inuit laborers, and many more were. In 1. 95. 9, Alaska became the. U. S. At the end of the twentieth century. Inuit: the use of technology, urban flight by. Caught. between two worlds, the Inuit now use snowmobiles and the Internet in. Nonetheless, they have designed. Since 1. 97. 8, this lifestyle has been given priority, and it is. A main. tool of assimilation was education. Schools, set up by the state or by. English became the. Students who spoke their native Inupiaq language were. Returning to their home villages after. Bureau of Indian Affairs high. Inuit no longer had a connection to their language or. They were ill- equipped to pass traditions on to their own. More local schools. Inuit. For many this was too. Though old. dances and festivals have returned, and the language is studied by the. There was little formal tribal control, which led to blood. However, hunting or trading provided opportunities. Games, song contests, wrestling, and storytelling. Much of Inuit life was adapted to the extremes. Inupiats formerly lived in. Moss functioned as insulation in these crude shelters. A separate. kitchen had a smoke hole, and there were storage areas and a meat cellar. Temporary snow houses were. Canadian Inuit. Plant food included wild herbs and roots, as well as berries. Two suits of such fur clothing were worn in the. Waterproof. jackets were also made from the intestines of various sea mammals, while. Such clothing, however, has been replaced by manufactured. Down parkas have replaced the caribou- skins, and rubber. However, such clothing has. Some of these dances represented the caribou hunt; others might. Both poetry and. dance were important to the Inuit; storytelling was vital for peoples who. The word for poetry. Inupiaq is the same as the word to breathe, and both derive from. Such poems were sung and often accompanied by dancers who moved. Many of the traditional singers were. Thus. dance took on both a secular and religious significance to the Inuit. The. Inuit created songs for dancing, for hunting, for entertaining children. Some dance and. song festivals would last for days with the entire community. These dance. traditions have been resurrected among Inuit communities. For example, the. Northern Lights Dancers have pioneered this venture. In. December came the Messenger Feast held inside the community building. This. potlatch. feast demonstrated social status and wealth. A messenger would be sent to. Invitations. were usually the result of a wish for continued or improved trading. Gifts were exchanged at such. Some southern groups also held Messenger Feasts in the fall. It was held also. Similar to other Bladder. Dances or Festivals of non- Alaskan Inuit groups, these ceremonies intended. At the. nalukataq, a blanket toss would take place, in which members of the. Dressed in costumes. Inuit danced to welcome the sun's return. The summer. Kotzebue. In 1. 99. 1, it was revived, held just after the. Fourth of July. For the first time in a century, Russian Inuit came to. Alaskan relatives. The Messenger Feast has. January in Barrow. He would. take on the evil spirit of the sick. Shamans, however, proved helpless. Europeans and Americans. Tuberculosis. was an early scourge of the Inuit, wiping out entire villages. Alcohol. proved equally as lethal, and though it was outlawed, traders were able to. Alcohol dependency continues. Inuit villages and has resulted in a high. Thus, ten villages in the Northwest. Arctic Borough have banned the importation and sale of alcohol, while. Kotzebue has made the sale of liquor illegal but allows the importation of. Nonetheless, alcohol continues to be a. Rates of accident, homicide and suicide among the. Inuit are far higher than among the general Alaskan population. Moreover. there is a high rate of infant mortality and sudden infant death syndrome. SIDS) and infant spinal disorders. Also, radiation experiments on. Russian nuclear waste dumping. Alaska, putting the. All Inuit bands speak very closely related. Its roots are in the Ural- Altaic. Finland, Hungary, and Turkey. Alaskan Eskaleut languages. Aleut, Yup'ik and Inupiaq.
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